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A BAE YONG-KYUN FILM

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WHY HAS BODHl-DHARMA LEFT
FOR THE EAST?

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Photographed by BAE YONG-KYUN

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Music by CHIN KYU-YOUNG

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Editor, Production designer
BAE YONG-KYUN

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Produced, Written and Directed by
BAE YONG-KYUN

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To the disciple
who asked him about the Truth

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without a word
he showed a flower.

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Haejin!

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Haejin!

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Forever and ever,

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all is originally empty.

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There is no beginning

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and no end.

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The thing which neither comes
into being nor perishes!

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Sell your useless stuff.

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Sell your bonds.

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I buy broken T.V. Sets,

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old watches...

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When you go down this mountain,
there is a big temple.

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What is next
if you keep going down?

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This mundane world...

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This mundane world?

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You...

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You came from the world?

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Of course!

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You too, Haejin.

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And the Master?

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Him too.

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Why have we all left the world?

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It's because in the world

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there is no peace
nor freedom of mind.

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Why?

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Because people haven't

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enough space in their soul
to hold all things in the world.

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In fact, they do have it,

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but it's full of the idea of self.

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Are there in the world

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children who don't have
their parents like me?

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Sure!

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Do you remember your mother?

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Are you sad to have no mother?

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No...

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I don't remember...

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How can I be sad

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since I don't even remember?

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Worldly affections lead to
ties and passions.

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In the end you lose what you love.
That's why you experience suffering.

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You, Haejin, you don't have any pain
because you have no ties?

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I should empty my mind
to overcome agony...

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Give me some thread.

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It hurts!

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If you don't pull out

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the milk teeth at the right time,

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you will have the tusks of a boar.

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You want that?

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You won't feel any pain.

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Go on, open your mouth!

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It's over.

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What is this?

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Do you feel better, Haejin?

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You have to throw it
on the roof, don't you?

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What a customary thought!

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Yes, that's right!

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Is that you?

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You should have sheltered
from the rain.

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I was destined

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to burden myself with my family.

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Did I commit

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an immoral act

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by freeing myself of that destiny,

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by going my own way?

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But I was thirsting
to liberate my soul.

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First, I should renounce myself
to do so.

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I couldn't do both things
at the same time.

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I had to get away
from the narrow path,

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where suffering was
piling up like dust,

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to find myself
in an unlimited world.

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When I decided to become a monk,

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besides worldly desires
and pleasures,

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morality and family love

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seemed to be the chains
that I had to break.

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I will

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attain Enlightenment
and Buddhahood at any cost

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to follow the way
of absolute freedom.

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A letter came
to the temple for you.

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To understand that
worthlessness is worthless

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leads to the Buddha.

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Now, be silent.

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I'll introduce you to a master
armed with the power of the Truth

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who will open your soul
and show you the way.

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If you climb up Mt. Chonan,
following the valley,

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you'll see a deserted hermitage.

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An old monk who practices Zen

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keeps the unfrequented place.

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His name is Hyegok.

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Although he is far away
from us in the mountains,

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he is like a beacon lamp.

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To be effective,
mustn't a beacon be

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situated high up and far away?

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This monk settled there,

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unshakable,

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and will never come down
until he sees

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the roots of the Way.

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I haven't seen him for five years,

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and it was only by chance

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that I saw him then.

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He was devoting himself

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to meditation days and nights.

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To stay awake,

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he was seated
against a wall of ice

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which gave him
horrendous frostbite in his side.

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He had to come down

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to take care of his wounds.

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I wanted to offer him
medical expenses,

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but he wouldn't let me.

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He told me
his wounds were the result

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of his lack of ascetic fervor.

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For one month

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he begged from village
to village

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to raise money
for the hospital expenses.

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He laughed, saying it was only
a pound of flesh that was cut out.

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He returned with a two or
three year old child on his back.

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When I asked him,

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he said the child was an orphan
who was abandoned by people,

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and he made up his mind
to raise him.

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An old celibate monk

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carrying a small child
on his back

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must have been an amusing sight

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for people of the world to see.

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According to the workman

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who carries our grain
to them every season,

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the child is now fully grown,

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but the monk still suffers

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from his unhealed wounds.

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Now that he is old,

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he needs someone
to look after him.

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I'm afraid!

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I'm afraid!

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When you dig up the moon
in your inmost mind

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to light up the sky and the earth,

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its light will chase away
all the shadows of the universe.

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If you get that One thing,
you will understand everything.

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If you achieve this,

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the good news will echo
through the universe.

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If you see that One,

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you will become the One.

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You will inherit a universe

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where days and nights fuse together.

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That One is so perfect

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it can accomplish everything.

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It is free of obstacles

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and total freedom prevails eternally.

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When the moon in your mind
waxes beneath the water,

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where does the master
of my being go?

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Kibong! I give you this Koan (riddle).

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You must be ardent and persevering

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to perceive it
and show me the answer.

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If you meditate solely
on this Koan days and nights,

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if you concentrate on meditation,

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you will at last seize it
and attain Enlightenment.

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The Koan is a tool to expel
distracting thoughts and illusion

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so as to reach the roots
of the true Self.

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Please have a rest from your work.

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Just let me cultivate the soil.

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A body not used soon rusts out.

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Who would have the gall
to eat without labor?

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This old man hasn't got
one foot in the grave yet.

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But your poor health
should be well attended.

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I am aware of your health

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even though you never mention it.

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You must have your affected parts
treated, or they will get worse.

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A weak body in a weak mind.

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It's because
I don't have sufficient fervor!

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I have a favor to ask of you.

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You should grant it.

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I wish to descend the mountains
to get some medicine.

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You will be wasting your time.

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It is time to rid myself of this body.
It's done me well.

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Form does not differ from emptiness,
nor emptiness from form.

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Form is emptiness,
emptiness is form.

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So too are feeling, conception,
recognition and consciousness.

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You're back already, Youngnan?

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So soon?

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Youngnan!

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Not yet...

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Is that you, Youngnan?

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No! No!

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He left the royal palace

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and went alone into the forest.

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His departure took place

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more than 2,500 years ago.

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Was his leaving
an abandonment of the world?

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No, his leaving home was simply
a course of eternal returning.

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Far from leaving,
he has come back to us all.

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You know the reason for his leaving

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was to come back wholly to all of us?

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I became a hermit to free myself

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from the dust and the dirt
of the world,

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looking for perfection
on the other shore.

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But I realized that

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it was impossible to achieve it
without loving even the garbage,

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the dust of the world,
and life's anguish.

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Perfection can be achieved
through embracing all things.

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While it is easy to fight
against reality and fate,

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it is difficult to love them.

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What a beautiful world

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when you know how to love it!

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The universe is by no means imperfect.

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I think imperfection is
in our language,

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our knowledge, our thought,
and our consciousness.

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Isn't Enlightenment merely a dream?

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Believing in attaining Buddhahood,
I laid down the world entirely.

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01:18:36,211 --> 01:18:39,738
But when I look at
the things I sacrificed,

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I seem to be surrounded
by their rancor

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01:18:43,385 --> 01:18:49,551
and I am afraid of falling
into a hell of remorse.

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"Saving living beings"?

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What on earth does it mean to those

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who abandoned father, mother,
wife and children

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only for becoming a Buddha?

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Who is Buddha?
Who is not Buddha?

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01:19:26,027 --> 01:19:28,188
Isn't it said that there is originally

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no Buddha and no creature?

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I am going back to the world,

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to the turbulence of life.

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Why do you stay
in the mountains?

227
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You, swallow from the south,

228
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what is the way to your homeland?

229
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Have the golden narcissuses
opened their petals

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from a grain of rice
you were carrying?

231
01:22:08,590 --> 01:22:12,424
Far away
the stars balance the sky.

232
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Idiot!

233
01:22:15,865 --> 01:22:18,822
I must be here for fools like you

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who are looking for me
in the mountains!

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01:22:22,504 --> 01:22:25,941
You must keep the Koan
between your teeth

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even if you fall into a furnace.

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A man who once has decided
to solve the Koan

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01:22:32,215 --> 01:22:33,841
must go on to the end.

239
01:22:34,182 --> 01:22:36,673
When you reach Enlightenment,
you will find

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01:22:36,918 --> 01:22:40,251
freedom like the fresh wind
on the mountain top

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01:22:40,555 --> 01:22:46,551
and peace as unshakable
as a rock in a storm.

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The place where you stood today

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can be the Land
of Perfect Bliss itself, then.

244
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So what are you going to do?

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Seen through bloodshot eyes
troubled by the world,

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are Hell and Heaven different?

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01:23:11,519 --> 01:23:13,578
Answer! Answer me!

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When the moon in your mind
waxes beneath the water,

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where does the master
of my being go?

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Master?

251
01:28:24,432 --> 01:28:26,059
In his room...

252
01:28:44,419 --> 01:28:46,979
He is very sick.

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He tried to save you...

254
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Let me sit up.

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01:30:11,939 --> 01:30:13,531
What wretched shape

256
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I am in before your eyes!

257
01:30:16,677 --> 01:30:20,010
Look at this evanescent body.

258
01:30:20,248 --> 01:30:24,207
Please take your medicine.

259
01:30:31,125 --> 01:30:32,649
I am so sorry.

260
01:30:32,827 --> 01:30:35,295
I could never expect such a mishap...

261
01:31:06,928 --> 01:31:09,488
You must be suffering very much
from your wounds?

262
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All is due to my lack of prudence.

263
01:31:21,042 --> 01:31:23,875
Take it easy.

264
01:31:24,479 --> 01:31:26,743
It's not your fault.

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01:31:28,416 --> 01:31:37,381
My body's ties
with this world are ending.

266
01:31:38,192 --> 01:31:42,526
When the time comes,

267
01:31:42,930 --> 01:31:50,928
the fleeting body goes naturally
its own way.

268
01:31:55,343 --> 01:32:01,646
Well, how is your Koan?

269
01:32:03,551 --> 01:32:05,883
You must stay longer with us.

270
01:32:06,420 --> 01:32:07,978
Don't say such things.

271
01:32:10,825 --> 01:32:13,191
I am not making any progress
in my studies.

272
01:32:13,461 --> 01:32:15,258
Are you going to leave us

273
01:32:17,598 --> 01:32:19,361
without showing me the way?

274
01:32:21,035 --> 01:32:22,798
Who else will be able

275
01:32:23,337 --> 01:32:25,601
to teach me the way to follow?

276
01:32:30,845 --> 01:32:34,838
Mountains, rivers,
plants, universe.

277
01:32:38,119 --> 01:32:42,556
Here and there everything is
in the same enclosure.

278
01:32:42,690 --> 01:32:44,248
To leave...

279
01:32:44,559 --> 01:32:46,254
is to arrive.

280
01:32:46,561 --> 01:32:49,291
To arrive is to leave

281
01:32:50,565 --> 01:32:54,126
Doesn't the wind blow

282
01:32:54,335 --> 01:32:57,236
as it wants in all directions?

283
01:32:58,940 --> 01:33:03,934
As my body returns
to its original condition,

284
01:33:04,278 --> 01:33:07,270
blood and pus from my wounds

285
01:33:07,848 --> 01:33:11,409
will fall as dew
from the night sky.

286
01:33:11,919 --> 01:33:16,322
After all, I exist nowhere
in the universe.

287
01:33:16,991 --> 01:33:18,549
But in the universe,

288
01:33:18,893 --> 01:33:22,590
there is nothing which is not me.

289
01:33:38,846 --> 01:33:41,610
Listen to me carefully, Kibong!

290
01:33:42,116 --> 01:33:48,954
You must follow
what I am going to tell you for sure.

291
01:33:49,724 --> 01:33:54,423
When I pass away someday,

292
01:33:55,329 --> 01:34:00,062
you will be entrusted
with my remains.

293
01:34:00,635 --> 01:34:06,232
Kibong, you must put it back

294
01:34:06,574 --> 01:34:09,310
to its original place.

295
01:34:09,345 --> 01:34:10,709
Master!

296
01:34:13,114 --> 01:34:15,207
Hear me out!

297
01:34:17,118 --> 01:34:20,679
Don't warn the temple monks.
It will only disturb them.

298
01:34:21,022 --> 01:34:23,786
You should do everything yourself
with your own hands.

299
01:34:24,225 --> 01:34:27,160
All rituals should be ignored.

300
01:34:28,529 --> 01:34:30,963
Leave me dressed as I am.

301
01:34:35,469 --> 01:34:38,768
You know the chest in the back?

302
01:34:39,140 --> 01:34:43,941
It will serve as a coffin.

303
01:34:47,381 --> 01:34:50,873
Be careful not to cause
a fire in the mountains.

304
01:34:53,888 --> 01:34:55,480
Kibong!

305
01:34:55,823 --> 01:34:57,381
It must be done

306
01:34:59,193 --> 01:35:02,424
in a day and a half.

307
01:35:05,466 --> 01:35:07,764
You must anyhow

308
01:35:09,303 --> 01:35:12,204
observe that strictly.

309
01:35:14,008 --> 01:35:15,805
Consider this work

310
01:35:16,844 --> 01:35:19,608
as another Koan I give you!

311
01:35:21,015 --> 01:35:23,210
You will be obliged

312
01:35:23,751 --> 01:35:28,313
to pursue it practically.

313
01:35:38,265 --> 01:35:40,199
Carry out your task

314
01:35:41,202 --> 01:35:44,433
as soon as I am dead.

315
01:35:51,011 --> 01:35:55,710
When the ties
which hold 6,000 joints

316
01:35:56,784 --> 01:35:59,116
of the body together decay,

317
01:35:59,854 --> 01:36:08,922
when the body gets scattered
to be earth, water, fire and wind,

318
01:36:10,631 --> 01:36:14,567
where does the master
of my being go?

319
01:36:24,278 --> 01:36:29,875
The sound of a bell

320
01:36:30,084 --> 01:36:34,248
overcomes agony.

321
01:36:34,755 --> 01:36:39,192
It increases wisdom

322
01:36:39,560 --> 01:36:44,156
and gives birth to Enlightenment.

323
01:36:46,133 --> 01:36:52,936
It will release from Hell
and Three Realms of illusion

324
01:36:53,607 --> 01:36:56,010
those who make the vows

325
01:36:56,045 --> 01:37:00,777
to seek for Enlightenment
and save living beings.

326
01:37:13,227 --> 01:37:17,630
The secret formula

327
01:37:17,798 --> 01:37:21,427
which destroys Hell is:

328
01:37:21,769 --> 01:37:29,869
Om Karajya

329
01:37:30,211 --> 01:37:34,841
Svaha.

330
01:37:39,053 --> 01:37:46,687
Om karajya

331
01:37:47,194 --> 01:37:50,425
Svaha.

332
01:37:51,932 --> 01:38:00,533
Om karajya

333
01:38:02,142 --> 01:38:06,476
Svaha.

334
01:38:47,655 --> 01:38:51,989
Kibong!
Can you do me a favor?

335
01:38:52,426 --> 01:38:55,190
You see my hair?

336
01:38:56,430 --> 01:38:59,490
It is not so long,

337
01:39:00,100 --> 01:39:04,730
but since you are a bit better...

338
01:39:04,972 --> 01:39:07,236
Let's go to the stream.

339
01:39:10,544 --> 01:39:13,809
This evening,
there will be a ceremony

340
01:39:14,081 --> 01:39:15,946
in the temple down in the valley.

341
01:39:17,418 --> 01:39:21,013
What? Will they dance
to the sound of cymbals?

342
01:39:22,923 --> 01:39:27,724
Did the wind bring you the news
from the foot of mountains?

343
01:39:28,128 --> 01:39:30,824
How do you know!

344
01:39:31,565 --> 01:39:34,693
I found it out the other day
when I went down.

345
01:39:35,235 --> 01:39:39,797
I thought Haejin
would be delighted to go there.

346
01:39:43,510 --> 01:39:45,034
Very good idea!

347
01:39:47,047 --> 01:39:49,641
And very good excuse!

348
01:39:53,787 --> 01:39:55,687
In the court of the harmony

349
01:39:56,056 --> 01:39:57,785
of sounds and colors,

350
01:39:58,258 --> 01:40:04,629
a body that will be called back
to nothing dances like bubbles.

351
01:40:08,302 --> 01:40:11,897
Is it dream or reality?

352
01:40:12,873 --> 01:40:14,773
Originally

353
01:40:18,045 --> 01:40:21,913
nothing has existed
in this empty court.

354
01:40:23,417 --> 01:40:30,050
Attaining Enlightenment is
nothing but waking up from the dream.

355
01:40:30,758 --> 01:40:35,058
It is a full moon
and it will be bright enough.

356
01:40:35,229 --> 01:40:37,697
Be careful not to get lost, though.

357
01:40:39,666 --> 01:40:42,931
I worry about your medicine.

358
01:40:44,071 --> 01:40:47,040
Never mind.
I can decoct and take it by myself.

359
01:40:50,010 --> 01:40:55,312
Well, I am going to put
the pot on the coals.

360
01:40:58,252 --> 01:41:02,552
Bring me enough kerosene.

361
01:41:02,790 --> 01:41:04,257
Don't forget!

362
01:46:33,019 --> 01:46:38,150
There will be a full moon tonight.

363
01:46:38,792 --> 01:46:41,454
Why do we have to wait so long

364
01:46:41,962 --> 01:46:44,522
till the moon rises
over the dark mountains?

365
01:47:11,825 --> 01:47:16,626
As the universe is deep
in the shadows now,

366
01:47:17,931 --> 01:47:21,958
kindle the wick in your mind

367
01:47:22,903 --> 01:47:27,340
to light the way yourself.

368
01:50:41,067 --> 01:50:43,160
Come quickly!

369
01:50:51,311 --> 01:50:53,939
I can smell the medicine burning!

370
01:51:24,477 --> 01:51:25,705
Brother!

371
01:51:27,447 --> 01:51:29,881
The medicine is
completely boiled down.

372
01:54:38,238 --> 01:54:41,639
Having no experience,

373
01:54:41,908 --> 01:54:44,103
I do not know how to do...

374
01:54:44,544 --> 01:54:46,876
I have never seen this work before.

375
01:54:47,714 --> 01:54:51,707
You ordered me not to exceed
one and a half days,

376
01:54:52,018 --> 01:54:56,250
but almost an entire day
has already passed

377
01:54:58,224 --> 01:55:00,021
and it is gloomy and drizzling

378
01:55:00,426 --> 01:55:02,724
all day long.

379
01:55:03,696 --> 01:55:07,291
What do you want
to teach me from those signs?

380
01:57:23,536 --> 01:57:26,835
The Master has gone. I stay.

381
01:57:28,541 --> 01:57:32,409
Winter advances
through the dense forest

382
01:57:33,646 --> 01:57:35,637
and summer approaches

383
01:57:35,915 --> 01:57:38,145
the naked branches.

384
01:57:39,886 --> 01:57:43,117
In the eternal cycle,
without beginning or end,

385
01:57:43,856 --> 01:57:45,824
they say to live is to die

386
01:57:46,159 --> 01:57:48,491
and to die is to live,

387
01:57:49,028 --> 01:57:51,553
but life is for those who stay.

388
01:57:53,499 --> 01:57:56,195
In the everlasting stream,

389
01:57:56,569 --> 01:57:58,969
there is no birth, no death,

390
01:58:01,107 --> 01:58:07,137
but for those who stay,
death is an insoluble problem.

391
02:17:54,232 --> 02:17:56,928
These are the Master's relics.

392
02:17:57,836 --> 02:17:59,531
I am entrusting them to you.

393
02:18:02,774 --> 02:18:07,575
I will send someone
from the temple to replace me.

394
02:18:48,453 --> 02:18:49,750
Brother!

395
02:18:52,957 --> 02:18:54,754
Where are you going?

396
02:23:51,823 --> 02:23:57,625
Hyegok: LEE PAN-YONG

397
02:24:00,798 --> 02:24:06,828
Kibong: SHIN WON-SUP

398
02:24:09,774 --> 02:24:15,838
Haejin: HWANG HAE-JIN

399
02:24:19,050 --> 02:24:31,053
Superior: KO SOU-MYOUNG